摘 要
唐纳德·巴塞尔姆，美国后现代主义之父，是战后最令人兴奋而杰出的创新作家之一。他一生出版过四部长篇小说，一百五十多篇短篇故事，以及几十篇文学评论。他是一位颇具奇妙创造力的作家，在小说中实验性尝试非线性的叙述和荒诞的写作手法。事实与虚构的混乱致使后现代主义以新的写作方式填平了由官方话语的分离而产生的语言鸿沟。巴塞尔姆的小说具有令人困惑的特点:片段叙述、陈词滥调的滥用和对社会和历史事件的宣告性模仿，让人觉得必须接受语言的局限性以及它的垃圾似的现状。他的作品时常以反讽的方式使用广告宣传语、街道俚语、流行歌曲歌词、插科打诨、工业以及军事行话和褪色的笑话，以此泄露他们秘密隐藏起来的意义。他那具有显著特征的小说似乎是—些来自于美国文化中的冗长混乱的片段聚集在一起拼贴而成。他曾说过，把互不相关的事物粘贴在一起，效果好的话，就能产生新的现实。
本篇论文分析了巴塞尔姆的代表作《白雪公主》，从中我们可以了解他是如何对官方话语进行质疑，对传统小说写作进行戏仿和嘲笑的。
关键词: 《白雪公主》；唐纳德·巴塞尔姆；后现代主义；戏仿；片段；拼贴
ABSTRACT
Donald Barthelme, the father of the new generation of postmodernism in the.U.S.A, is one of the most exciting and strikingly innovative writers in the postwar era. He published more than one hundred and fifty short stories, four novels, and dozens of literary criticisms. He was a creative fantastic writer, and experimented with nonlinear narrative and absurdist techniques in his fiction. The blurring of fact and fiction brought about a new mode of postmodern writing that fills the linguistic gap created by the disarticulation of the official discourse. Barthelme’s fiction is characteristic of puzzles, fragmented narrative, the abuse of clichés and the burlesque enunciation of social and historical events, which gives a sense that one must accept the limits of language and its trashy condition. In his writing he often use advertising slogans, street slang, popular song lyrics, stereotyped phrases, industrial and military jargon, clichés and faded jokes in an ironic way so as to leak out their hidden significance secretly. His characteristic fiction often seems to be constructed as collage---a pasting together of fragments gathered from the chaotic verbiage of American culture. He once stated that new reality could be created by effectively pasting of irrelevant objects together.
The thesis analyses one of Barthelme’s fictions Snow White, from which we can learn how he questioned the official discourse, parodied and mocked at the traditional writings.
Contents
Introduction 1
1 Brief Introduction of the Author--- Donald Barthelme and His Snow White 2
2 Characteristics of Postmodern Fiction 3
2.1 Deconstructive Tendency 3
2.1.1 Indeterminacy 3
2.1.2 Fragmentation and Depthless ness 5
2.1.3 Decanonization 5
2.1.4 Unpresentibility 5
2.2 Reconstructive Tendency 6
2.2.1 Irony 6
2.2.2 Hybridization 8
2.2.3 Carnivalization 9
2.2.4 Performance and Participation 10
2.2.5 Constructionism 10
